In Section 9.1, “General Remarks On Customizing (Multiple) Studio Apps”, two ways of bootstrapping custom code were introduced, Studio plugins and auto-loaded scripts. While auto-loaded scripts are a more light-weight and easy to use approach, Studio plugins come with more utility and pre-fabrication for customizing Ext JS components. In addition, many of CoreMedia's pre-defined Studio customizations are only available as Studio plugin configurations. The extension modules in the CoreMedia Blueprint workspace demonstrate the usage of the Studio plugin mechanism, and define several plugins for Studio.

Caution

Note that a Studio plugin is not to be confused with an Ext JS component plugin. The former is an application-level construct; Studio plugins are designed to aggregate various extensions (custom UI elements and their functional code, together with the required UI elements to trigger the respective functionality). The latter means a per-component plugin and is purely an Ext JS mechanism. This section deals with Studio plugins; Ext JS plugins are described in Section 5.1.2, “Component Plugins”. In this manual, the terms Studio plugin and component plugin are used, respectively, to avoid ambiguity.

Examples for CoreMedia Studio extension points that plugins may hook into are:

A plugin for CoreMedia Studio usually has the following structure:

Figure 9.2. Plugin structure

The example above depicts the layout of a typical Studio module in the CoreMedia Blueprint workspace. All plugins contain a package.json file that defines the dependencies of the plugin. The actual source code goes into the subdirectories src and sencha. The former contains TypeScript code, the latter Sass files in the sass subfolder and additional static resources such as images or CSS files in the resources subfolder not shown in the example. The jangaroo.config.js file registers the Studio plugin, see further below.

For example, the module es-studio holds a resource bundle ElasticSocialStudioPlugin_properties and the mein plugin file ElasticSocialStudioPlugin.ts (declaring the plugin and its applicable rules and configuration) under src. In addition, further Typescript source code files are held in several sub-folders under src.

Each plugin is described in a TypeScript file like ElasticSocialStudioPlugin.ts. This file declares the plugin's rule definitions (that is the various Studio extension points that this plugin hooks into) and configuration options. For many defining these rules and configuration TypeScript file is sufficient for a plugin declaration. However, you can of course also run arbitrary further Typescript code as part of your plugin's initialization.

The Main Class

The main class of a plugin shall be defined as TypeScript code. In the example in Figure 9.2, “Plugin structure” the main class is ElasticSocialStudioPlugin. For your own plugins, it is recommended to use a name schema like <your plugin name>StudioPlugin.

The main class for a plugin must implement the interface EditorPlugin. The interface defines only one init() method that receives a context object implementing IEditorContext as its only parameter, which is supposed to be used to configure CoreMedia Studio.

You can simply implement the interface in your source code. However, Studio also provides a base TypeScript class to inherit from, namely StudioPlugin which not only implements the EditorPlugin interface, it also delegates the init() call to all Studio plugins specified in its configurations config option.

The IEditorContext instance handed in to the init() method can be used for the following purposes:

Note that a Studio plugin's init() method is allowed to perform asynchronous calls, which is essential if it needs server-side information (access user, groups, Content, and so on) during initialization. CoreMedia Studio waits for the plugin to handle all callbacks, only then the next plugin (if any) is initialized and eventually, CoreMedia Studio is started. However, you cannot use setTimeout() or setInterval() in Studio plugin initialization code!

Plugin Rules

The other essential part of a CoreMedia Studio plugin is the plugin rules it declares in its rules: [] element. Plugin rules are applied to components whenever they are created, which allows you to modify behavior of standard CoreMedia Studio components with component plugins. The ElasticSocialStudioPlugin plugin, for example, declares rules that add document forms for elastic social.

The studio plugin file consists of one "rules" element that contains component elements. The components can be either identified by their global id or by namespace and xtype. For the latter case, you need to declare the required namespace(s) in the root tag of the plugin file. You can read a Studio plugin rule like this: "Whenever a component of the given xtype is built, add the following component plugin(s)."

You can use predefined Ext JS component plugins to modify framework components. The ElasticSocialStudioPlugin plugin, for example, uses the AddItemsPlugin to add document forms to the CommentExtensionTabPanel.

In the ElasticSocialStudioPlugin, custom forms for the elastic social document types are added by using the AddTabbedDocumentFormsPlugin (which is a component plugin).

Caution

While in simple cases, the items to add can be specified directly inline in the Studio plugin TypeScript file, this is generally not recommended.

The reason is that the Studio plugin class is instantiated as a singleton, and all TypeScript objects that are not components or plugins, most prominently Actions, are instantiated immediately, too. This means that Actions are instantiated (too) early, and that a plugin rule may be applied several times with the same Action instance, leading to unexpected results.

The best practice is to move the whole component plugin to a separate TypeScript file and reference this new plugin subclass from the Studio plugin rule. Since the new plugin is referenced by its ptype, a new plugin instance and thus a new Action instance is created for each application of the plugin rule as expected.

The Ext JS plugins of any component are executed in a defined order:

If that specification does not unambiguously decide the order of two plugins, plugins registered earlier are executed earlier. To make sure that a certain module's Studio plugins are registered after another module's Studio plugin, the former module must declare a package.json dependency on the latter module. This way, the Studio plugins run and register in a defined order.

For your own Studio plugin, you might want to use the file from the CoreMedia Project workspace as a starting point. The name of the Studio plugin file should reflect the functionality of the plugin, for example <My-plugin-Name>StudioPlugin.ts for better readability.

The following example shows how a button can be added to the actions toolbar on the right side of the work area:

import Config from "@jangaroo/runtime/Config";
import ConfigUtils from "@jangaroo/runtime/ConfigUtils";

import StudioPlugin from "@coremedia/studio-client.main.editor-components/configuration/StudioPlugin";
import ActionsToolbar from "@coremedia/studio-client.main.editor-components/sdk/desktop/ActionsToolbar";

import AddActionsToolbarItemsPlugin from "./AddActionsToolbarItemsPlugin";

class AddButtonToActionsToolbarPlugin extends StudioPlugin {

  constructor(config: Config<AddButtonToActionsToolbarPlugin>) {
    super(ConfigUtils.apply(Config(AddButtonToActionsToolbarPlugin, {
      //...
      rules: [
        Config(ActionsToolbar, {
          plugins: [
            Config(AddActionsToolbarItemsPlugin, {}),
          ],
        }),
      ],
    }), config));
    //...
  }
}

export default AddButtonToActionsToolbarPlugin;

Because it is embedded in the element ActionsToolbar in the above declaration, your custom plugin AddActionsToolbarItemsPlugin will be added to all instances of the ActionsToolbar class.

Your custom plugin is defined in a separate TypeScript file AddActionsToolbarItemsPlugin.ts that configures an addItemsPlugin to add a separator and a button with a custom action to the ActionsToolbar at index 5:

import Config from "@jangaroo/runtime/Config";
import AddItemsPlugin from "@coremedia/studio-client.ext.ui-components/plugins/AddItemsPlugin";
import Separator from "@jangaroo/ext-ts/toolbar/Separator";
import Button from "@jangaroo/ext-ts/button/Button";
import MyAction from "./MyAction";

//...
Config(AddItemsPlugin, {
    index: 5,
    items: [
        Config(Separator),
        Config(Button, {
            baseAction: new MyAction({text: "hello"})
        })
    ]
})

While you can insert a component at a fixed position as shown above, it might also make sense to add the component after or before another component with a certain (global) ID, itemId, or xtype. To that end, the AddItemsPlugin allows you to specify pattern objects so that new items are added before or after the represented objects. If the component you want to use as an "anchor component" is not a direct child of the component you plug into, you can set the recursive attribute in your rules declaration to true.

When the component you want to modify is located inside a container that is also a public API extension point, you might have to access that container's API to provide context for your customizations. A typical use case for this is that you want to add a button to a toolbar that is nested below a container, but you need to apply your plugin rule to the container (and not the toolbar), because you need to access some API of that Container to configure the items to add (for example, access to the current selection managed by that container), or because the toolbar is reused by other containers, and you want your button to only appear in one specific context. Some Studio components define public API interfaces for accessing the runtime component instance, for example CollectionView creates a component that is documented to implement the public API interface ICollectionView.

To express such nested extension point plugin rules, there is the plugin NestedRulesPlugin. Its usage is similar to CoreMedia Studio plugin rules, namely is must contain an element rules that again contains nested plugin rules. A nested plugin rule consists of the element of the subcomponent to locate with an optional itemId, which in turn contains a plugins element with the plugins to add to that component. Typical plugins to use here are AddItemsPlugin, RemoveItemsPlugin, and ReplaceItemsPlugin, all located in namespace exml:com.coremedia.ui.config.

For example, assume that to every LinkList property field, you want to add a custom toolbar action that needs access to the current selection of items in the LinkList given via LinkListPropertyField#getSelectedValuesExpression() of type ValueExpression. Like in the example above, you have to add a custom plugin to a CoreMedia Studio extension point in your CoreMedia Studio plugin TypeScript file:

import Config from "@jangaroo/runtime/Config";
import ConfigUtils from "@jangaroo/runtime/ConfigUtils";
import StudioPlugin from "@coremedia/studio-client.main.editor-components/configuration/StudioPlugin";
import LinkListPropertyField from "@coremedia/studio-client.main.editor-components/sdk/premular/fields/LinkListPropertyField";
import CustomizeLinkListPropertyFieldPlugin from "./CustomizeLinkListPropertyFieldPlugin";

class MyPlugin extends StudioPlugin {

  constructor(config:Config<MyPlugin>){
    super(ConfigUtils.apply(Config(MyPlugin, {
      //...
      rules:
          [
            Config(LinkListPropertyField, {
              plugins: [
                Config(CustomizeLinkListPropertyFieldPlugin),
              ],
            }),
          ],
    }), config));
    //...
  }
}

export default MyPlugin;

Now, in your plugin CustomizeLinkListPropertyFieldPlugin.ts, instead of using AddItemsPlugin directly, you apply NestedRulesPlugin to locate the toolbar you want to customize. Still, the component you plug into is a LinkList property field, and when your custom plugin is instantiated, that component is instantiated, too, and handed in as the config option config.cmp. It is good practice to assign the LinkList property field component as well as its initial configuration (when needed) to typed local TypeScript variables to avoid repeating longish expressions and type casts in inline code.

import Config from "@jangaroo/runtime/Config";
import ConfigUtils from "@jangaroo/runtime/ConfigUtils";
import Component from "@jangaroo/ext-ts/Component";
import Separator from "@jangaroo/ext-ts/toolbar/Separator";
import AddItemsPlugin from "@coremedia/studio-client.ext.ui-components/plugins/AddItemsPlugin";
import IconButton from "@coremedia/studio-client.ext.ui-components/components/IconButton";
import NestedRulesPlugin from "@coremedia/studio-client.ext.ui-components/plugins/NestedRulesPlugin";
import LinkListPropertyField from "@coremedia/studio-client.main.editor-components/sdk/premular/fields/LinkListPropertyField";
import LinkListPropertyFieldToolbar from "@coremedia/studio-client.main.editor-components/sdk/premular/fields/LinkListPropertyFieldToolbar";
import MyAction from "./MyAction";

class CustomizeLinkListPropertyFieldPlugin extends NestedRulesPlugin {

  static override readonly xtype: string = "com.coremedia.blueprint.studio.template.config.CustomizeLinkListPropertyFieldPlugin";

  constructor(config: Config<NestedRulesPlugin>) {

    const linkListPropField = as(config.cmp, LinkListPropertyField);

    super(ConfigUtils.apply(Config(CustomizeLinkListPropertyFieldPlugin, {
      ...ConfigUtils.append({
        rules: [
          Config(LinkListPropertyFieldToolbar, {
            plugins: [
              Config(AddItemsPlugin, {
                items: [
                  Config(Separator),
                  Config(IconButton, {
                    baseAction: new MyAction({
                      contentValueExpression: linkListPropField.getSelectedValuesExpression(),
                    }),
                    contentValueExpression: linkListPropField.getSelectedValuesExpression(),
                    forceReadOnlyValueExpression: linkListPropField.forceReadOnlyValueExpression,
                  }),
                ],
                before: Config(Component, {
                  itemId: LinkListPropertyFieldToolbar.LINK_LIST_SEP_FIRST_ITEM_ID,
                }),
              }),
            ],
          })
        ],
      })
    }), config));
  }
}

export default CustomizeLinkListPropertyFieldPlugin;

Note how the above code makes use of the TypeScript element LinkListPropertyFieldToolbar to locate the toolbar inside the LinkListPropertyField, as well as to use an ..._ITEM_ID constant from that config class to specify the new items' location.

As another example, assume you want to create your own component inheriting from LinkListPropertyField. You want to reuse the default toolbar that the standard link list component defines, but you want to add one additional button to that toolbar. In a very similar fashion to the example above concerning CoreMedia Studio plugins, you can then write your custom component's TypeScript file like this:

// -----------------
// TODO: find another example: LinkListPropertyField already got a config additionalToolbarItems, this clashes!
// -----------------
import Config from "@jangaroo/runtime/Config";
import ConfigUtils from "@jangaroo/runtime/ConfigUtils";
import Component from "@jangaroo/ext-ts/Component";
import AddItemsPlugin from "@coremedia/studio-client.ext.ui-components/plugins/AddItemsPlugin";
import NestedRulesPlugin from "@coremedia/studio-client.ext.ui-components/plugins/NestedRulesPlugin";
import LinkListPropertyField from "@coremedia/studio-client.main.editor-components/sdk/premular/fields/LinkListPropertyField";
import LinkListPropertyFieldToolbar from "@coremedia/studio-client.main.editor-components/sdk/premular/fields/LinkListPropertyFieldToolbar";

interface UsingNestedRulesPluginConfig extends Config<LinkListPropertyField> {
  additionalToolbarItems?: Component;
}

class UsingNestedRulesPlugin extends LinkListPropertyField {

  static override readonly xtype: string = "com.coremedia.blueprint.studio.template.config.UsingNestedRulesPlugin";
  declare Config: UsingNestedRulesPluginConfig;

  constructor(config: Config<UsingNestedRulesPlugin>) {
    super(ConfigUtils.apply(Config(UsingNestedRulesPlugin, {
      ...ConfigUtils.append({
        plugins: [
          Config(NestedRulesPlugin, {
            rules: [
              Config(LinkListPropertyFieldToolbar, {
                plugins: [
                  Config(AddItemsPlugin, { items: config.additionalToolbarItems }),
                ],
              }),
            ],

          }),
        ],
      })
    }), config));
  }
}

export default UsingNestedRulesPlugin;

Note that when you inherit from a component and use the plugins element to declare the plugins you want to apply to this component, you overwrite the plugins definition of the component you inherit from. That means that all the plugins that the super component defines would not be used in your custom component. To avoid that, you have to wrap your additional plugins definition into a ...ConfigUtils.append() or ...ConfigUtils.prepend() call. This will then add your custom plugin definitions to the end of the super component's declarations, or insert them at the beginning, respectively.

You might also want to remove certain components from their containers. In that case, you can add the RemoveItemsPlugin to the container component and remove items, again identifying them by pattern objects that can specify id, item id, or xtype.

In order the replace an existing component, you can use the ReplaceItemsPlugin. For this plugin, you specify one or more replacement components in the items property. Each item must specify an id or an item id and replaces the existing component with exactly that id or item id.

Finally, a custom CoreMedia Studio plugin needs to be registered with the Studio application. This is done in the jangaroo.config.js file in the module root folder. The purpose of this file is to add the fully qualified main plugin class to the list of Studio plugins as shown in the following example:

module.exports = jangarooConfig({
  type: "code",
  ...
  sencha: {
    studioPlugins: [
      {
        mainClass: "com.acme.AcmeStudioPlugin",
        name: "Ac me!",
      },
    ],
  },
  ...
});

The object created in the jangaroo.config.js file may use the attributes defined by the class EditorPluginDescriptor, especially name and mainClass as shown above. In addition, the attributes requiredGroup and requiredLicenseFeature may be used.

You can also implement group specific and own conditions using the OnlyIf plugin.

To recapitulate, this is a brief overview of the configuration chain:

Load external resources

If you want to load external style sheets or JavaScript files into Studio, you have to place them below the folder src/main/sencha/resources in your module and add the file paths to the sencha entry of your module's jangaroo.config.js file with the configuration options css and js as follows:

/** @type { import('@jangaroo/core').IJangarooConfig } */
module.exports = {
  type: "code",
  sencha: {
    css: [
      {
        path: "resources/path/to/myStylesheet1.css",
      },
      {
        path: "resources/path/to/myStylesheet2.css",
      },
    ],
    js: [
      {
        path: "resources/path/to/myJavascript1.js",
      },
      {
        path: "resources/path/to/myJavascript2.js",
      },
    ],
  },
};